Energetic particle precipitation associated with pulsating aurora (PsA) can reach down to lower mesospheric altitudes and deplete ozone. It is well documented that pulsating aurora is a common phenomenon during substorm recovery phases. This indicates that using magnetic indices to model the chemistry induced by PsA electrons could underestimate the energy deposition in the atmosphere. https://www.spidertattooz.com/OPI-GelColor-The-Color-That-Keeps-On-Giving-0-5-oz-HPJ07-p22791/